Radiator construction.



V. J. MAYO.

RADIATOR CONSTRUCTION. 1

' APPL IGATION FILED JULY 10,1911. 1,000,339.

Patented Aug. 8,1911.

r 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

V J. MAYO. RADIATOR CONSTRUCTION.

, APPLICATION FILED .TULY 10,1911. LGQ33W I Patented Aug 8, 1911.

1L2SHEETS-SHBETL mm 1/ 45 l I TH W UJW VIRGINIUS J. MAYO, OF NEW HAVEN,CONNECTICUT.

RADIATOR CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 8, 1911.

Original application filed May 3, 1909, Serial No. 493,545. Divided andthis application filed July 10. 1911.

' Serial No. 637,664. 1

To all whom it may concern:

lie it known that I, VIucmiUs J. MAYO, a citizen of the United States,residing at New Haven, New Haven county, State of Connecticut, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Radiator Construction,of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

1 My invention relates to a new and improved radiator construction, andthis case is a division from my co-pending application, Serial No.193,545, filed May 3rd, 1909.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple, yet strong anddurable construc tion for the effective cooling of fluids, the completedstructure being of particular utility when used in connection with awater cooling system for cooling internal combustion engines.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a rear elevation partly insection of-a complete radiator constructed .to embody my invention. Fig.1 is a vertical section on the line 1l, Fig. 1, showing the interior ofthe feeding chamber. Fig. 2 is anedge view of a detail. Fig. 3 is an endview of what I will term one unit of the radiator honeycomb. Fig. 3 is asimilar view of a modification. Fig. 4 is a. front elevation of part ofthe radiator honeycomb the same being relatively enlarged, and beingbroken away at certain points. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 Fig.el. Fig. 6 is a top plan view of a group of radiator units beforecompletion, looking down through the water passages between the same.

1 indicates a casing of any suitable form and material, the sameconstituting in et' fect the main frame; 2 is a teeding chamber locatedin the upper part of the casing 1 and into which flows the water to becooled.

3 is the supply pipe of a water cooling svstcm.

is a distributer chamber having large number of perforations 55 therein.said distributor operating to distribute the water evenly to the upperends of the passages wherein the water is cooled.

(L is an inlet pipe provided at the top for the purpose of permittingthe water cooling system to be filled with water.

7 is a cap for the pipe 6. 8 is an overflow and ventpiue whichprcferably extends partially up into the pipe 6,

the lower end passing out through the wall of the radiator at anysuitable po1nt,'and

reterably leading down to a point near the bottom. This vent pinefurnishes an outlet or overflow in the event an excessive amount ofwater is poured into the radiator and it also furnishes a vent for anysteam which might accumulate in the event the water is overheated, as byoverheating the engine.

.9 is a draining chamber suaced apart from the feeding chamber 2 bysuitable partitions.

10 is an outlet pipe constituting part of the cooling system and whichmay connect the draining chamber 9 with the jacket of an engine.

The. radiator element proper, or honeycomb (the eonstruct-ion of whichwill be hereinafter described) connects the feeding chamber 2 with thedraining or the receivF ing chamber 9, and includes a multitude ofstraight unobstructed upright fluid passages down through which thefluid to be cooled .ing down between them.

In Fig. 1 I have shown four tiers or blocks of assembled radiator units,each block being separated by preference, in such a way as to providethree horizontally arranged water passages communicating with all thevertical passages. The number of tiers of assembled units is immaterialin a broad sense, although for the purpose of manufacture, and incertain practice, it is preferable that there should be two or morespaced tiers dependii'ig upon the size and the particular use of theradiator. Each radiator block is made up of a number of units 11--.-11,a single unit being shownin Fig. 3. A unit. is formed by taking a stripof thin metal of suitable length, and width, and first providing thereina nuinber of plaits. These plait-s may be formed by such a machine'asset forth in my co-pending application, Serial No. 486,909. In operationthis machine manipulates a strip of metal step by step in the mannershown in Fig. 2, wherein av slight ,U-shaped bend, as shown atthe leftof said figure. is first formed. The next I bend to the right, thoughV-sliaped, ,is

sharper than the former. \Vhen the metal is in this condition, the wallsof the sharper V-shaped bend are pressed tightlytogether to form aclosed plait, as shown by the two plaits at the right hand end of Fig."2. The

importance of "tightly closing the plaitswill later be explained. p

'lVhen a strip of metal of the proper length is provided with asufficient number of closed plaits, said stri is bent back upon itself,as shown at the left hand end of Fig. 3, so' as to bring the plaits intoalternate registry, 'the'edgeof each plait on one wall of each unitbearing against the opposite wall of the unit so'as to support the sameagainst collapse and steady it against vibra- The .two ends of eachstrip metal are preferably formedand connected tlon.

of plaited as follows: One of the ends is turned back upon itself at thebase of the next to the last plait, as shown atll so as to present theopen edge of the end plait in position to receive the-oppositeend 15 ofthe strip; In this manner the ends of the strip are locked together, seeFig. 3.

In Fig. 3 I have showna modified form of unit in construction, in whichonly a part of the strip is plaited, the unplaited part being doubledback as. before, so as to rest tightly against the ,edges of the plaitson the other part. In this case, the ends of the strip overlap and aresoldered together at 41". When a sufficient number of units have beenformed to build up a single tier for the radiator, said units'are placedin a suitable holder, and are separated or spaced apart -by meansofwires 12-12 located-close t0 thej opposite ends of said unitsections,(see Fig. 6), saidwires 12 12 spacing said units apart sufliciently toprovide the vertical water passages before referred to. When the wiresarein place,.each end of'each grou of unitsis d pped in a bath ofsolder, whic firmly bindstogether all ofsaid units,

- andthe wire spacing,elements into one substantially homogeneousstructure.

between each tier,

When twoor more tiers of units are used, horizontal spacing Wires, asindicated at- 14. 14e (see Fig. 5) arepreferably provided so that whenthe solder is appliedias previously referred to, all of the units,together with the vertical, as Well as horizontal spacing wires, will befipmlybound together at the front and the rear of the honeycomb, toprovide both the vertical and the horizontal water pas sages. Vhen thehoneycomb structure, thug. described, is finished, the same is mountedwithinthe casing 1, and soldered theretoj'entirely around itsedges" insuch a manner as toprevent. leakage of water, but nevertheless so as topermit the "water to freely flowentirely over-the upper endof theradiator down through thevertical pasator frame or casing." \Vhen suchcorners are cut away, it is obvious that in finishing up the same,- careshould be observed to leave the upright water passages free andunobstructed, so that .water in the upper part of'the radiator canfreely flow downthrough the upright passagesbetween all the radiatorunits.

I have heretofore called'attention to the importanceof'closing tightlytogether the two walls of each pla'it. By so doing, I ab solutelyprevent dirt or foreign substance from accumulating in or adjacent tothe upright water passages, for as will be seen,

were these walls left open or spaced apart,

a multitude of short horizontal shelves or pockets would thereby beformed, which would notonly retard the circulatiombutwould in a shorttime fill up with foreign matter to such an extent as to not onlyencroach upon the upright passages and thereby retard or entirely shutoff circulation, but also materially retard the cooling of the plaits.Again, by folding both walls of each plait tightlyagainst each other,they stiffen the plait and afford a stronger sup. port for the oppositeside wall of the'unit of which they are a part, there being less dangerof collapse of the plaits by reason of the mutual reinforcement betweensaid contacting walls. Again, by closing the walls of 'each' plaittightly together, 'a substan-' tially greater cross-sectional area isprovided for the passage of air throlugh the honey-c comb than would beth'elcase if the walls of each plait were separated, inasmuch as inexact proportion to the extent that the plaits. are unnecessarilythickened, is the cross-sectional area of the air passage reduced in a.honeycomb of given sire.

The method offorming each unit, and the construction thereof, possessessuperior advantages in that, by doubling a sheet-of plaited metal uponitself, it provides only one seam tobe soldered to complete a single vunit, there y greatly reducing the danger of leakage. Again, by doublingthe; metal at the end of each unltback' upon itself, at the base of oneplait, three thickncsses'of'metal are provided instead of. two, .whichgives added stiffness and strength, so ;that;when

a number of tiers of units are-arranged a block, the end walls willbe'found to be sufficiently strong to resist the pounding tendency upon thehorizontal spacing and supporting wires 14-1l.

The foregoing and other advantages will be apparent to any one skilledin this art and familiar with the use and requirements of devices ofthis character.

'hile I have shown my invention in its preferred form, it should beunderstood that in design and structure it may be modified in variousways without departing from the scope of the following claims.

What I claim is: v

1. In a radiator construction, a radiator unitcomprising two side walls,two end walls connecting said side walls, a plait in one side wallbetween said end walls, said plait extending across to and supportingthe opposite side wall, the walls of said plait being closed againsteach other.

2. In a radiator construction. a unit comprising two side Walls and twoend walls, a plurality of plaits formed in one side wall. said plaitsextending across to and supporting the opposite side wall, the walls ofeach of said plaits being closed together.

3. In a radiator construction, a unit comprising two side walls and twoend walls, a

plait formed in each of ,said sidewalls, each of said plaits extendingfrom the side wall upon which it is formed across to and supporting theopposite side wall. the two walls of each plait being pressed tightlytogether.

4. In'a radiator construction. a radiator unit comprising two sidewalls, two end walls connecting said side walls, a plait in one sidewall between said end walls, said plait extending across to andsupporting the opposite. side wall, the walls of said plait being closedagainst. each other, one end wall of said unit being of a thickness, ofat least three times the thickness of one side wall.

5'. In a radiator construction, a radiator unit comprising two sidewalls, two end walls coimecting said side walls, a plait in one sidewall between said end walls, said plait extemlingacross to andsupporting the opposite wall, the walls of said plait being closedagainst each other, both end wallsot' said unit. being of at least threetimes the thickness of one side wall.

6. In a radiator, a honeycomb structure comprising a plurality of unitsarranged side by side in an upright position with spacing devicesbetween the ends of said units serving to separate .aid units to formupright water passages, a plait in one side wall of each unit extendingsubstantially horizontally, the walls of said 'plait' being foldedtightly against each other, said plait extending entirely across saidunit, and ttt) and against: the opposite side wall to reinforce bothside walls and prevent vibration th erect.

\ 7. In a radlator, a unit formed of a strip of metal having plaitstherein, said strip being folded intermediate its ends to form abox-like structure open atthe ends and to bring the plaits between thewalls thereof, said plaits extending entirely across the space betweenthe side alls to support both of the latter against collapse andvibration, the walls of each plait being pressed tightly together.

'8. In a radiator. a unit formed of a strip of metal having plaitstherein, said strip being folded intermediate its ends to form abox-like structure open at the ends and to bring the plaits between thewalls thereof. said plaits extending entirely across the space betweenthe sidewalls to support both of the latte. against collapse andvibration, the walls of each plait being pressed tightly together, theends of the strip being soldered together to form a closed scam, theends of each plait being soldered to one of the side walls of the unit.

9. In a radiator, a honeycomb structure comprising a plurality of unitsarranged side by side in an upright position with spacing devicesbetween the ends of said units to separate the latter to form uprightwater passages. each of said unit comprising two side walls and twoconnecting end walls between said side walls, one of said side wallshaving formed therein a plurality of plaits, the two walls of each plaitbeing closed against each other, said plaits extending across said unitand against. the opposite side wall from that on which said plaits areformed to support both side walls against collapse or vibration.

10. In a radiator, a honeycomb structure comprising a plurality of unitsarranged side. by side in an upright position with spacing devicesbetween the ends of said units to separate. the latter to form uprightWater passages. each of said units comprising two side walls, and twoconnecting end walls between said side walls, one of saidside wallshaving formed therein a plurality of plaits, the walls of each plaitbeing closed against each other, said plaits extending across said unitand against the opposite side w: ll from that on which said plaits areformed to sup port both side walls against. collapse or vibration. saidradiator also including a plurality of tiers of units arranged asaforesaid, and spacing devices between said tiers at the ends oi theunits composing said tiers.

ii. In a radiator, a honeycomb portion comprising a plurality of unitsarranged side byside in an upright position, with means at the ends ofsaid unitst'or spacing the same to form vertical wattr passages. each ofsaid units comprising two de wall and two coni'iecting end walls betweensaid side walls, a. plurality of plaits formed integrally with said.units located between and extending across the spacc between said andtwo connecting end walls between said side walls to mutuallyreinforcellibth ofsaid side walls against collapse and vibration, saidplaits being formed of two thicknesses of metal pressed tightlytogether, a frame orcasing for said honeycomb structure in eluding a-[iuid chamber abovesaid honeycomb structure communicatin with theupright water passages aforesaid, and another fluid chamber at thebottom of said frame in communication with the lower ends of saidupright water passages.

12. In a radiator, a comprising a plurality of units arranged sidebyside in an upright position, with means at the ends of said units forspacing the same to form vertical water passages, each of said unitscomprising two side walls side walls, a plurality of. plaits formedintegrally with said units located between and extending across thespace between sald side walls to mutually reinforce both of said side"walls against collapse and vibration, said plaits being formed of twothicknesses of metalprcssed tightly togctheij a frame or casing for saidhoneycomb structure including a, fluid chamber above said honeycombstructure communicating with the upright water passages aforesaid,another fluid chamber at the bottom of said frame in communication withthe lower ends of said upright, water passages, a filler opening at thetop of the uppermost fluid chamber, a cap therefor, and an overflow andvent pipe,

honeycomb portion against collapse or vibration,

the upper end' of the same being located in said filler openin said pi'e leading down uid chain er andpiercing the wall thereof at the rear ofsaid radiator."

into said upper 13. ln a radiator, a honeycomb structure comprising aplurality of units arranged side by side in an upright position withspacing devices between the ends of said units to separate the latter toform upright water passages, each of said units comprising two sidewalls and two connecting end walls between said side walls, one'of saidside walls having formed therein, a plurality of plaits, the walls ofeach being closed against each other, said p aits extending across saidunit and againstjthe opposite sidewall from that on which said lait Iplaits are formed to supp'ort bot-h sidewalls also including a pluralityof tiers of units arranged as aforesaid, spacin devices be-.

tween said tiers at the ends of the units composing said tiers, a framesurrounding said honeycomb communication with the upper ends of theupright thereof in communication with the lower ends of said uprightwater passages.

water passages aforesaid, and hav-c mg another water chamber in thelower part 4 said radiator structure, said frame havinv a water chamber1n the upper part thereo 1n

